INTRODUCTION. THE MANY DIMENSIONS OF THE “CITY” IN EARLY SOCIETIES
Marcella Frangipane

THE ORIGINS OF CIVIC LIFE – A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
David Wengrow

MESOPOTAMIA AND NEIGHBOURING REGIONS SIXTY YEARS AFTER CITY INVINCIBLE, SURVEYS AND THE URBAN REVOLUTION IN QUESTION
Pascal Butterlin

THE CITY OF URUK AND ITS HINTERLAND
Hans J. Nissen (Hainfeld)

THE TYRANNY OF FRICTION
Guillermo Algaze

REFLECTIONS ON SURVEY AND SURVEILLANCE IN THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF WESTERN ASIA
Susan Pollock, Reinhard Bernbeck

LEVANT THE URBANIZATION OF THE SOUTHERN LEVANT IN ITS NEAR EASTERN SETTING
Pierre de Miroschedji

FAR FROM THE RIVER: PHYSICAL AND METAPHORICAL USE OF THE TERRITORY AND ITS WATER RESOURCES IN EARLY AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE SYRIA
Davide Nadali, Frances Pinnock

AFRICA
THE ORIGIN OF URBAN SOCIETIES IN THE NILE VALLEY
Maria Carmela Gatto

URBANISATION IN THE CENTRAL SAHARA IN GARAMANTIAN TIMES: A LOOK FROM THE SOUTH
Lucia Mori

MESOAMERICA AND THE ANDES
CORPORATE SOCIETIES WITH EXCLUSIONARY SOCIAL COMPONENTS: THE TEOTIHUACAN METROPOLIS
Linda R. Manzanilla

POPULATION, SCALE, AND THE FRAMING OF LONG-TERM HISTORY
Gary M. Feinman, Linda M. Nicholas

ANCIENT MAYA LOWLANDS: FROM FAKE FEUDS ABOUT “URBANISM” TO RENEWED STUDIES OF SETTLEMENT PATTERNS
Dominique Michelet, Philippe Nondédéo

ECOLOGICAL VARIATION AND TRAJECTORIES OF PREHISPANIC ANDEAN URBANISM
R. Alan Covey

WEST OF EDEN: ADAMS VISITS THE ANDES
Terence N. D’Altroy

EUROPE
THE QUESTION OF “PROTO-URBAN” SITES IN LATER PREHISTORIC EUROPE
Anthony Harding

SETTLEMENT PATTERNS AND DEVELOPMENTS TOWARDS URBAN LIFE IN CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN ITALY DURING THE BRONZE AGE
Alberto Cazzella, Giulia Recchia

BEFORE THE CITY: THE LAST VILLAGES AND PROTO-URBAN CENTRES BETWEEN THE PO AND TIBER RIVERS
Andrea Cardarelli

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TO WEAVE OR NOT TO WEAVE? TEXTILE PRODUCTION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGICAL HABITUS IN CYPRIOTE PREHISTORY
Luca Bombardieri, Giulia Muti

SAME SAME BUT DIFFERENT: A COMPARISON OF 6TH MILLENNIUM BCE COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHERN CAUCASIA AND NORTHWESTERN IRAN
Barbara Helwing, Tevekkül Aliyev

CHRONOLOGY (AND CHRONOLOGIES) OF THE KURA-ARAXES CULTURE IN THE SOUTHERN CAUCASUS: AN INTEGRATIVE APPROACH THROUGH BAYESIAN ANALYSIS
Annapaola Passerini, Elena Rova, Elisabetta Boaretto

A “FLAME AND FROND” SCHOOL IVORY PLAQUE FROM THE NEO-HITTITE EXCAVATIONS AT ARSLANTEPE/MELID. REGIONALISM AND COMMUNITIES IN IRON AGE ANATOLIA
FEDERICO MANUELLI, HOLLY PITTMAN

RECENSIONI / REVIEWS

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TEXTILES

TEXTILES IN PRE-ROMAN ITALY: FROM QUALITATIVE TO QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
Margarita Gleba

NEW TEXTILE FINDS FROM TOMBA DELL’ARYBALLOS SOSPESO, TARQUINIA: CONTEXT, ANALYSIS AND PRELIMINARY INTERPRETATION
Margarita Gleba, Alessandro Mandolesi, Maria Rosa Lucidi

TEXTILES AND RITUALS IN CUMAEAN CREMATION BURIALS
Margarita Gleba, Ilaria Menale, Carlo Rescigno

THE CLOTHES MAKE THE (WO)MAN: HISTORICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF ETRUSCAN FEMALE COSTUMES BETWEEN 8TH AND 7TH CENTURY BC
Alessio De Cristofaro, Alessandra Piergrossi

BICONICAL VASE AND “OLD LACE” AT NARCE. NEW DATA FROM THE NECROPOLIS OF LA PETRINA – TOMB C1 (LXII)
Jacopo Tabolli

TEXTILE PRODUCTS, CONSUMERS AND PRODUCERS IN THE HALLSTATT CULTURE
Karina Grömer

TEXTILES AND CLOTHING TRADITIONS IN EARLY IRON AGE DENMARK
Ulla Mannering

EXPERIMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY

MOTION CAPTURE AND TEXTILE EXPERIMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY, A POSSIBLE COMBINATION
Eva Andersson Strand, Stefan Lindgren, Carolina Larsson

TESTING ANCIENT TEXTILE TOOLS IN SOUTHERN ETRURIA (CENTRAL ITALY): EXPERIMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY VERSUS EXPERIENTIAL ARCHAEOLOGY
Romina Laurito

TRACING THE THREAD: SPINNING EXPERIMENTS WITH ETRUSCAN SPINDLE WHORL REPLICAS
Elena Ciccarelli, Assunta Perilli

TRACEOLOGICAL ANALYSES APPLIED TO TEXTILE IMPLEMENTS: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE METHOD THROUGH THE CASE STUDY OF THE 1ST MILLENNIUM BC CERAMIC TOOLS IN CENTRAL ITALY
Vanessa Forte, Cristina Lemorini

TOOL STUDIES

SPINNING AND WEAVING IN THE PILE DWELLING OF MOLINA DI LEDRO (TRENTO, NORTHEASTERN ITALY): NOTES ON WOODEN TOOLS
Patrizia Petitti, Romina Laurito, Ettore Pizzuti, Margarita Gleba, Paolo Maria Guarrera, Daniela Bordoni

TEXTILE TOOLS FROM THE AGER FALISCUS AREA IN THE IRON AGE: ARE THEY ALWAYS FUNCTIONAL TOOLS?
Maria Anna De Lucia Brolli, Romina Laurito

A LOOM FOR THE GODDESS – TOOLS FOR SPINNING AND WEAVING FROM THE SANCTUARY OF THE GODDESS REITIA IN ESTE (PADUA)
Giovanna Gambacurta

TEXTILE PRODUCTION ALONG THE IONIAN COAST OF CALABRIA DURING THE ARCHAIC PERIOD: THE CASE OF KAULONIA
Maria Rosaria Luberto, Francesco Meo

TEXTILE PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE ARCHAIC SOCIETIES OF MAGNA GRAECIA: THE CASE OF TORRE DI SATRIANO (LUCANIA, ITALY)
Alessandro Quercia

ICONOGRAPHY AND WRITTEN SOURCES

THE FEMALE PENSUM IN THE ARCHAIC AND HELLENISTIC PERIOD: THE EPINETRON, THE SPINDLE, AND THE DISTAFF
Helga Di Giuseppe

INSCRIBED OBJECTS ASSOCIATED WITH TEXTILE PRODUCTION: NEWS FROM TARQUINIA
Giovanna Bagnasco Gianni, Maria Cataldi, Giulio M. Facchetti

TEXTILE PRODUCTION IN IRON AGE GREECE: THE CASE OF THE AMORGINA TEXTILES
Stella Spantidaki

RECENSIONI / REVIEWS

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THE ROLE OF BURINS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ART THROUGH TRACE ANALYSIS AT THE UPPER PALAEOLITHIC SITE OF POLESINI CAVE (LATIUM, ITALY)
Flavia Venditti, Cristina Lemorini, Magda Bordigoni, Daniela Zampetti, Mario Amore, Antonio Tagliacozzo

THE STATE OF THE LATE NEOLITHIC POTTERY OF DOMUZTEPE IN THE TURKISH EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
Halil Tekin

SIGN AND IMAGE: REPRESENTATIONS OF PLANTS ON THE WARKA VASE OF EARLY MESOPOTAMIA
Naomi F. Miller, Philip Jones, Holly Pittman

THE EARLY STAGES OF THE SUMERIAN CITY AT TELL ZURGHUL: NEW RESULTS FROM RECENT EXCAVATIONS
Davide Nadali, Andrea Polcaro

DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK, PASTORAL NOMADISM AND COMPLEX SOCIETIES IN THE NILE VALLEY: REFLECTIONS ON OLD QUESTIONS
Isabella Caneva

THE FONDARCA CAVE AND CAVITIES USED AS A CULT PLACE DURING THE BRONZE AGE IN CENTRAL ITALY
Gian Maria Di Nocera

– POTTERY IN GROTTA DELLE NOTTOLE
Patrizia Costa, Francesco Marano, Elena Pizzo, Fabio Rossi

– GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY AT GROTTA DELLE NOTTOLE
Giorgio Brocato, Filippo Bozzo, Federico Moresi, Giancarlo Pastura, Emilia Gallo

– FAUNAL ANALYSIS
Azzurra Mascelloni

– SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF METAL AND AMBER OBJECTS

FROM THE BRONZE AGE SITE OF FONDARCA
Giorgia Agresti, Claudia Pelosi, Ulderico Santamaria

THE EARLIEST PROCESSES TOWARD CITY-STATES, POLITICAL POWER AND SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN MIDDLE TYRRHENIAN ITALY
Marco Pacciarelli

“THE KING AT THE GATE”. MONUMENTAL FORTIFICATIONS AND THE RISE OF LOCAL ELITES AT ARSLANTEPE AT THE END OF THE 2ND MILLENNIUM BCE
Federico Manuelli, Lucia Mori

THE ELEPHANT REMAINS FROM GAVUR LAKE (SOUTH-EASTERN TURKEY). RESTORATION AND DISPLAY
Nadire Mine Yar, Fabio Parenti, Ebru Albayrak, Coskun Köysu

– SIGNIFICANCE OF THE GAVUR LAKE ELEPHANT FOR THE HISTORY OF BRONZE AND IRON AGE ANATOLIA
Silvia Alaura

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Indice / Contents

NOTE INTRODUTTIVE / FOREWORD
Andrea Cardarelli, Alberto Cazzella, Marcella Frangipane

INCREASING INEQUALITIES – FROM THE EDEN TO THE PRESENT
Mario Liverani

A NEW WORLD OF WORK: ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES IN 4TH MILLENNIUM BC MESOPOTAMIA
Augusta McMahon

MATERIAL AND SOCIAL WORLDS IN NEOLITHIC AND EARLY CHALCOLITHIC FARS, IRAN
Susan Pollock
THE APPEARANCE OF SOCIAL INEQUALITIES: CASES OF NEOLITHIC AND CHALCOLITHIC SOCIETIES
Johannes Müller, Vesa P. J. Arponen, Robert Hofmann, René Ohlrau

CHIEFDOM SOCIETIES IN PREHISTORIC MALTA?
Alberto Cazzella, Giulia Recchia

THE EMERGENCE OF ELITE IDENTITIES IN BRONZE AGE EUROPE
Anthony Harding

FROM WANAX TO BASILEUS: ASPECTS OF MILITARY AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN THE LATE MICENEAN SOCIETY
Marco Bettelli

DIFFERENT FORMS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE BRONZE AGE OF ITALY
Andrea Cardarelli

WEALTH INEQUALITY AND THE PRISTINE HAWAIIAN STATE: A POLITICAL ECONOMY APPROACH
Timothy Earle

THE ORIGINS OF INEQUALITY IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL NARRATIVES: THE CASE OF MESOAMERICA IN THE FORMATIVE PERIOD
Richard Lesure

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FOOD AND URBANIZATION. MATERIAL AND TEXTUAL PERSPECTIVES ON ALIMENTARY PRACTICE IN EARLY MESOPOTAMIA
Maria Bianca D’Anna, Carolin Jauß, J. Cale Johnson (eds.)
– INTRODUCTION
Maria Bianca D’Anna, Carolin Jauß, J. Cale Johnson

– VESSELS AND OTHER CONTAINERS FOR THE STORAGE OF FOOD ACCORDING TO THE EARLY LEXICAL RECORD
Klaus Wagensonner

– POTTERY VESSELS AND FOOD PRACTICE. SOME REFLECTIONS ON VESSELS AND TEXTS
Carolin Jauß

– OVENS, FIREPLACES AND THE PREPARATION OF FOOD IN URUK MESOPOTAMIA
Susan Pollock

– THE PRICE OF URBANIZATION? BIOLOGICAL STANDARD OF LIVING IN THE NEAR EAST AROUND THE 4TH MILLENNIUM
Eva Rosenstock

– ANIMAL RESOURCES IN THE LATE URUK PERIOD FOOD PRACTICES
Rémi Berthon

– DECIPHERING THE LATE URUK BUTCHERING TEXTS
J. Cale Johnson

– A MATERIAL PERSPECTIVE ON FOOD POLITICS IN A NON-URBAN CENTER. THE CASE OF ARSLANTEPE PERIOD VI A (LC5)
Maria Bianca D’Anna

– THE PRODUCTION AND STORAGE OF FOOD IN EARLY IRAN
Jacob L. Dahl

– IMPORTANCE AND FOOD RANK: SOME EXAMPLES FROM UR III MESOPOTAMIA
Hagan Brunke

– BIBLIOGRAPHY

NORTHERN UBAID AND LATE CHALCOLITHIC 1-3 PERIODS IN THE ERBIL PLAIN. NEW INSIGHTS FROM RECENT RESEARCHES AT HELAWA, IRAQI KURDISTAN
Luca Peyronel, Agnese Vacca

NEW DOCUMENTATION ON DIGGING TECHNIQUES OF THE PREHISTORIC FUNERARY HYPOGEA OF THE WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN
Maria Grazia Melis, Marie Elise Porqueddu

AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE RESEARCH ON PREHISTORIC WEIGHT SYSTEMS: A CASE STUDY FROM NURAGIC SARDINIA
Nicola Ialongo, Andrea Di Renzoni, Michele Ortolani, Alessandro Vanzetti

EXPLORING TERRITORIES: BUBBLE MODEL AND MINIMUM NUMBER OF CONTEMPORARY SETTLEMENTS. A CASE STUDY FROM ETRURIA AND LATIUM VETUS FROM THE EARLY BRONZE AGE TO THE EARLY IRON AGE
Luca Alessandri

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INVESTIGATING DOMESTIC ECONOMY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE LATE CHALCOLITHIC IN EASTERN ANATOLIA: THE CASE OF ARSLANTEPE PERIOD VIII
Cristiano Vignola, Francesca Balossi Restelli, Alessia Masi, Laura Sadori, Giovanni Siracusano

KURA ARAXES CULTURE AREAS AND THE LATE 4TH AND EARLY 3RD MILLENNIA BC POTTERY FROM VELI SEVIN’S SURVEYS IN MALATYA AND ELAZIg, TURKEY
Mitchell S. Rothman

CULTURAL ENTANGLEMENT AT THE DAWN OF THE EGYPTIAN HISTORY: A VIEW FROM THE NILE FIRST CATARACT REGION
Maria Carmela Gatto

PASTORAL STATES: TOWARD A COMPARATIVE ARCHAEOLOGY OF EARLY KUSH
Geoff Emberling

A CLAY DOOR-LOCK SEALING FROM THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE III TEMPLE AT TEL HAROR, ISRAEL
Baruch Brandl, Eliezer D. Oren, Pirhiya Nahshoni

CASE BASTIONE: A PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENT IN THE EREI UPLANDS (CENTRAL SICILY)
Enrico Giannitrapani, Filippo Iannì, Salvatore Chilardi, Lorna Anguilano

OLD OR NEW WAVES IN CAPO GRAZIANO DECORATIVE STYLES?
Sara T. Levi, Maria Clara Martinelli, Paola Vertuani, John Ll.Williams

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REUSE OF PREHISTORIC LITHIC IMPLEMENTS IN HISTORICAL TIMES: CASE STUDIES FROM THE ALBAN HILLS
Flavio Altamura

COOKING, WORKING AND BURYING IN ANCIENT NEOLITHIC: THE OVENS OF PORTONOVO (MARCHE, ITALY)
Cecilia Conati Barbaro

– ESTIMATING FIRING TEMPERATURES OF PYROTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE NEOLITHIC SITE OF PORTONOVO
Italo M. Muntoni, Grazia Ruggiero

– AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE HUMAN REMAINS FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION OF PORTONOVO-FOSSO FONTANACCIA
Paola Catalano, Stefania Di Giannantonio

– BONE COLLAGEN CARBON (d13C) AND NITROGEN (d15N) STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN AND FAUNAL SAMPLES FROM PORTONOVO
Roberta Lelli

– ANTHRACOLOGICAL REMAINS FROM A NEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT IN THE CONERO NATURAL PARK
Alessandra Celant

– SEM-EDS AND XRF CHARACTERIZATION OF OBSIDIAN BLADELETS FROM PORTONOVO (AN) TO IDENTIFY RAW MATERIAL PROVENANCE
Pasquale Acquafredda, Italo M. Muntoni, Mauro Pallara

THE EDGE OF THE CITY: URBAN GROWTH AND BURIAL SPACE IN 4TH MILLENNIUM BC MESOPOTAMIA
Augusta McMahon, Adam Stone

ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION AND SOCIAL ROLE OF METALLURGY IN THE PREHISTORIC SEQUENCE OF ARSLANTEPE (TURKEY)
Gian Maria Di Nocera

NARMER, SCORPION AND THE REPRESENTATION OF THE EARLY EGYPTIAN COURT
Jorrit Kelder

BARREL-SHAPED VESSELS IN CONTEXT: A LONG-RANGE MODEL OF DAIRY PRODUCTION IN EASTERN AND CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN DURING THE LATE FOURTH AND EARLY THIRD MILLENNIA BC
Massimo Cultraro

THE HUMAN FACTOR IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOUTHERN ITALIAN BRONZE AGE SOCIETIES: AGENCY THEORY AND MARXISM RECONSIDERED
Alberto Cazzella, Giulia Recchia

ACORN GATHERERS: FRUIT STORAGE AND PROCESSING IN SOUTH-EAST ITALY DURING THE BRONZE AGE
Milena Primavera, Girolamo Fiorentino

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Proceedings of the International Conference held in Rome on 5-7 December, 2011 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Sapienza University expedition at Arslantepe.The volume is organised in five thematic sections, each referring to a topic on which the excavations at Arslantepe have obtained results, and presenting contributions by both members of the Arslantepe team and other scholars working on the same topic in other sites or regions of the Near East. The objective was to relate the Arslantepe achievements with other outcomes, in the framework of the current debate.

Thematic sections in the volume:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL COMPLEXITY IN THE LATE CHALCOLITHIC (5TH AND 4TH MILLENNIA BC)

Arslantepe in the 5th and 4th millennia
M. Frangipane, F. Balossi Restelli, M.B. D’Anna and P. Guarino, H. Pittman, H. Çaliskan Akgül, G. Siracusano and L. Bartosiewicz

Late Chalcolithic developments in other regions of the Near East
G. Stein, S. Pollock, J. Oates, P. Butterlin, B. Helwing, S. Gülçür.

ARSLANTEPE IN THE EARLY BRONZE AGE: FAR-REACHING CHANGES AND THE RISE OF NEW SOCIETIES
M. Frangipane, G. Palumbi, P. Piccione and C. Lemorini, Y.S. Erdal, R. Laurito.

ON THE MARGINS OF EMPIRES: MALATYA AND THE HITTITEWORLD
M. Liverani, C. Alvaro, F. Manuelli, S. de Martino, C. Mora and L. d’Alfonso, S. Mazzoni, A. Archi.

ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE MALATYA PLAIN
S. Dreibrodt, C. Lubos, J. Lomax, T. Schroedter and O. Nelle, L. Sadori and A. Masi, G. Liberotti and R. Quaresima.

CONSERVATION AND EXHIBITION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
M. Özdögan and Z. Eres, D. Mangano.

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ARTE PARIETALE AI BALZI ROSSI: LA GROTTICELLA BLANC-CARDINI (VENTIMIGLIA, IMPERIA)
Giuseppe Vicino, Margherita Mussi

LE ARENE CANDIDE, I LIVELLI EPIGRAVETTIANI: MACINE ED ALTRI STRUMENTI PER LA LAVORAZIONE DELL’OCRA
Donatella Granato

A SIMULATION OF FARMING AND BREEDING ACTIVITIES: COMPARING THE ECONOMIC STRATEGIES
IN SOUTH EAST ITALY NEOLITHIC COMMUNITIES
Andrea Monaco

LE DÉBUT DU NÉOLITHIQUE EN ITALIE MÉRIDIONALE: CE QUE NOUS DISENT LES PRODUCTIONS EN SILEX DU GARGANO
Denis Guilbeau

L’INSEDIAMENTO NEOLITICO NELLA MEDIA VALLE OFANTINA: L’AREA DI PALATA (CANOSA DI PUGLIA)
Francesca Radina, Sandra Sivilli, Francesca Alhaique, Girolamo Fiorentino, Cosimo D’Oronzo

SELVA DEI MULI (FROSINONE): UN INSEDIAMENTO ENEOLITICO DELLA FACIES DEL GAUDO
Manuela Cerqua

L’ENEOLITICO DELLA CALABRIA TIRRENICA: NUOVI DATI SULL’ARTICOLAZIONE CRONOCULTURALE
Marco Pacciarelli

THE VALLEY CONQUEST. NEW DATA ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FORTIFIED SETTLEMENTS IN THE HIGH MOUNTAIN AREA OF NORTHERN SPAIN
Alfonso Fanjul Peraza

RECENSIONI a cura di
Cristina Lemorini, Alessandra Manfredini, Cecilia Conati Barbaro, Valentina Blandino

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